42 No. 75 JUSTICE 175. While referring to ‘Eretz-Israel’, the Declaration did not define the declared borders of the newly formed sovereign state. see THE DECLARATION OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE STATE OF ISRAEL, supra note 2. 176. The Arab-Israeli War of 1948, Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations https://history.state.gov/ milestones/1945-1952/arab-israeli-war#:~:text=On%20the%20eve%20of%20May,Syria%2C%20Iraq%2C%20 and%20Egypt (last visited Jan. 24, 2024); Israel’s War of Independence (1947-1949), Ministry of Foreign Affairs, https://embassies.gov.il/MFA/AboutIsrael/history/Pages/Israels%20War%20of%20Independence%20-%201947%20 -%201949.aspx. 7. The establishment of the State of Israel – Israel retains its claims over the West Bank With the end of the Mandate, the State of Israel was established on 14 May 1948, in the midst of the ongoing civil violence with local Arab forces. Israel’s Declaration of Independence declared “the establishment of a Jewish state in the Land of Israel (‘EretzIsrael’), to be known as the State of Israel” and offered “complete equality of social and political rights to all its inhabitants.” The Declaration expressed the State’s readiness to cooperate with the UN in implementing Resolution 181(II), calling on the UN to assist with state-building and on the Arab parties waging conflict to “preserve peace” and participate in building the new State with “full and equal citizenship and due representation in all its provisional and permanent institutions.”175 On the same day, Arab forces launched an air attack on the newly formed state, followed by the invasion by the regular forces of Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Transjordan and Egypt, assisted by military contingents from additional countries including Saudi Arabia.176
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